Add word wrapping for text

Closes #18

README.md

@@ -13,8 +13,9 @@ for Python.
 3. [Usage](#usage)  
    3.1. [Using the static API](#using-the-static-api)  
    3.2. [Creating a console](#creating-a-console)
-4. [Available styles](#available-styles)
-5. [Predefined colors](#predefined-colors)
+4. [Running examples](#running-examples)
+5. [Available styles](#available-styles)
+6. [Predefined colors](#predefined-colors)
 
 ## Features
 
@@ -84,6 +85,42 @@ when manually creating a console, remember that the user's terminal
 might not be able to use it, so unless you're creating an IAnsiConsole 
 for testing, always use `ColorSystemSupport.Detect` and `AnsiSupport.Detect`._
 
+## Running examples
+
+To see Spectre.Console in action, install the 
+[dotnet-example](https://github.com/patriksvensson/dotnet-example)
+global tool.
+
+```
+> dotnet tool install -g dotnet-example
+```
+
+Now you can list available examples in this repository:
+
+```
+> dotnet example
+
+Examples
+
+Colors    Demonstrates how to use colors in the console.
+Grid      Demonstrates how to render grids in a console.
+Panel     Demonstrates how to render items in panels.
+Table     Demonstrates how to render tables in a console.
+```
+
+And to run an example:
+
+```
+> dotnet example table
+┌──────────┬──────────┬────────┐
+│ Foo      │ Bar      │ Baz    │
+├──────────┼──────────┼────────┤
+│ Hello    │ World!   │        │
+│ Bounjour │ le       │ monde! │
+│ Hej      │ Världen! │        │
+└──────────┴──────────┴────────┘
+```
+
 ## Available styles
 
 _NOTE: Not all styles are supported in every terminal._

examples/Colors/Colors.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
+    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.1</TargetFramework>
+    <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
+    <Description>Demonstrates how to use [yellow]c[/][red]o[/][green]l[/][blue]o[/][aqua]r[/][lime]s[/] in the console.</Description>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\..\src\Spectre.Console\Spectre.Console.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>

examples/Colors/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+using Spectre.Console;
+
+namespace ColorExample
+{
+    class Program
+    {
+        static void Main(string[] args)
+        {
+            /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+            // 4-BIT
+            /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+            AnsiConsole.ResetColors();
+            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+            AnsiConsole.MarkupLine("[bold underline]4-bit Colors[/]");
+            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+
+            for (var i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+            {
+                AnsiConsole.Background = Color.FromInt32(i);
+                AnsiConsole.Write(string.Format(" {0,-9}", AnsiConsole.Background.ToString()));
+                AnsiConsole.ResetColors();
+                if ((i + 1) % 8 == 0)
+                {
+                    AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+                }
+            }
+
+            /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+            // 8-BIT
+            /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+            AnsiConsole.ResetColors();
+            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+            AnsiConsole.MarkupLine("[bold underline]8-bit Colors[/]");
+            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+
+            for (var i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+            {
+                for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++)
+                {
+                    var number = i * 16 + j;
+                    AnsiConsole.Background = Color.FromInt32(number);
+                    AnsiConsole.Write(string.Format(" {0,-4}", number));
+                    AnsiConsole.ResetColors();
+                    if ((number + 1) % 16 == 0)
+                    {
+                        AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+            // 24-BIT
+            /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+            AnsiConsole.ResetColors();
+            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+            AnsiConsole.MarkupLine("[bold underline]24-bit Colors[/]");
+            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+
+            var index = 0;
+            for (var i = 0.0005; i < 1; i += 0.0025)
+            {
+                index++;
+
+                var color = Utilities.HSL2RGB(i, 0.5, 0.5);
+                AnsiConsole.Background = new Color(color.R, color.G, color.B);
+                AnsiConsole.Write(" ");
+
+                if (index % 50 == 0)
+                {
+                    AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

examples/Colors/Utilities.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+using System;
+using Spectre.Console;
+
+namespace ColorExample
+{
+    public static class Utilities
+    {
+        // Borrowed from https://geekymonkey.com/Programming/CSharp/RGB2HSL_HSL2RGB.htm
+        public static Color HSL2RGB(double h, double sl, double l)
+        {
+            double v;
+            double r, g, b;
+
+            r = l;   // default to gray
+            g = l;
+            b = l;
+            v = (l <= 0.5) ? (l * (1.0 + sl)) : (l + sl - l * sl);
+
+            if (v > 0)
+            {
+                double m;
+                double sv;
+                int sextant;
+                double fract, vsf, mid1, mid2;
+
+                m = l + l - v;
+                sv = (v - m) / v;
+                h *= 6.0;
+
+                sextant = (int)h;
+                fract = h - sextant;
+                vsf = v * sv * fract;
+                mid1 = m + vsf;
+                mid2 = v - vsf;
+
+                switch (sextant)
+                {
+                    case 0:
+                        r = v;
+                        g = mid1;
+                        b = m;
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        r = mid2;
+                        g = v;
+                        b = m;
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        r = m;
+                        g = v;
+                        b = mid1;
+                        break;
+                    case 3:
+                        r = m;
+                        g = mid2;
+                        b = v;
+                        break;
+                    case 4:
+                        r = mid1;
+                        g = m;
+                        b = v;
+                        break;
+                    case 5:
+                        r = v;
+                        g = m;
+                        b = mid2;
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return new Color(
+                Convert.ToByte(r * 255.0f),
+                Convert.ToByte(g * 255.0f),
+                Convert.ToByte(b * 255.0f));
+        }
+    }
+}

examples/Grid/Grid.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
+    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.1</TargetFramework>
+    <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
+    <Description>Demonstrates how to render grids in a console.</Description>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\..\src\Spectre.Console\Spectre.Console.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>

examples/Grid/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+using System;
+using Spectre.Console;
+
+namespace GridExample
+{
+    public sealed class Program
+    {
+        static void Main(string[] args)
+        {
+            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+            AnsiConsole.MarkupLine("Usage: [grey]dotnet [blue]run[/] [[options] [[[[--] <additional arguments>...]][/]");
+            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
+
+            var grid = new Grid();
+            grid.AddColumn(new GridColumn { NoWrap = true });
+            grid.AddColumn(new GridColumn { NoWrap = true, Width = 2 });
+            grid.AddColumn();
+            grid.AddRow("Options:", "", "");
+            grid.AddRow("  [blue]-h[/], [blue]--help[/]", "", "Show command line help.");
+            grid.AddRow("  [blue]-c[/], [blue]--configuration[/] <CONFIGURATION>", "", "The configuration to run for.");
+            grid.AddRow("  [blue]-v[/], [blue]--verbosity[/] <LEVEL>", "", "Set the [grey]MSBuild[/] verbosity level.");
+
+            AnsiConsole.Render(grid);
+        }
+    }
+}

examples/Panel/Panel.csproj

@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
   <PropertyGroup>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.1</TargetFramework>
-    <RunAnalyzersDuringBuild>false</RunAnalyzersDuringBuild>
     <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
+    <Description>Demonstrates how to render items in panels.</Description>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Spectre.Console\Spectre.Console.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\..\src\Spectre.Console\Spectre.Console.csproj" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>

examples/Panel/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+using System;
+using Spectre.Console;
+
+namespace PanelExample
+{
+    class Program
+    {
+        static void Main(string[] args)
+        {
+            var content = Text.Markup(
+                "[underline]I[/] heard [underline on blue]you[/] like 📦\n\n\n\n" +
+                "So I put a 📦 in a 📦\n\n" +
+                "😅");
+
+            AnsiConsole.Render(
+                new Panel(
+                    new Panel(content)
+                    {
+                        Alignment = Justify.Center,
+                        Border = BorderKind.Rounded
+                    }));
+
+            // Left adjusted panel with text
+            AnsiConsole.Render(new Panel(
+                new Text("Left adjusted\nLeft"))
+            {
+                Expand = true,
+                Alignment = Justify.Left,
+            });
+
+            // Centered ASCII panel with text
+            AnsiConsole.Render(new Panel(
+                new Text("Centered\nCenter"))
+            {
+                Expand = true,
+                Alignment = Justify.Center,
+                Border = BorderKind.Ascii,
+            });
+
+            // Right adjusted, rounded panel with text
+            AnsiConsole.Render(new Panel(
+                new Text("Right adjusted\nRight"))
+            {
+                Expand = true,
+                Alignment = Justify.Right,
+                Border = BorderKind.Rounded,
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}

examples/Table/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+using System;
+using Spectre.Console;
+
+namespace TableExample
+{
+    class Program
+    {
+        static void Main(string[] args)
+        {
+            // A simple table§
+            RenderSimpleTable();
+
+            // A big table
+            RenderBigTable();
+        }
+
+        private static void RenderSimpleTable()
+        {
+            // Create the table.
+            var table = new Table();
+            table.AddColumn(new TableColumn("[u]Foo[/]"));
+            table.AddColumn(new TableColumn("[u]Bar[/]"));
+            table.AddColumn(new TableColumn("[u]Baz[/]"));
+
+            // Add some rows
+            table.AddRow("Hello", "[red]World![/]", "");
+            table.AddRow("[blue]Bounjour[/]", "[white]le[/]", "[red]monde![/]");
+            table.AddRow("[blue]Hej[/]", "[yellow]Världen![/]", "");
+
+            AnsiConsole.Render(table);
+        }
+
+        private static void RenderBigTable()
+        {
+            // Create the table.
+            var table = new Table { Border = BorderKind.Rounded };
+            table.AddColumn("[red underline]Foo[/]");
+            table.AddColumn(new TableColumn("[blue]Bar[/]") { Alignment = Justify.Right, NoWrap = true });
+
+            // Add some rows
+            table.AddRow("[blue][underline]Hell[/]o[/]", "World 🌍");
+            table.AddRow("[yellow]Patrik [green]\"Hello World\"[/] Svensson[/]", "Was [underline]here[/]!");
+            table.AddEmptyRow();
+            table.AddRow(
+                "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. " +
+                "Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure " +
+                "dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat " +
+                "non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum", "◀ Strange language");
+            table.AddEmptyRow();
+            table.AddRow("Hej 👋", "[green]Världen[/]");
+
+            AnsiConsole.Render(table);
+        }
+    }
+}

examples/Table/Table.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
+    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.1</TargetFramework>
+    <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
+    <Description>Demonstrates how to render tables in a console.</Description>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\..\src\Spectre.Console\Spectre.Console.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>

src/.editorconfig

@@ -78,3 +78,6 @@ dotnet_diagnostic.CA1826.severity = none
 
 # RCS1079: Throwing of new NotImplementedException.
 dotnet_diagnostic.RCS1079.severity = warning
+
+# RCS1057: Add empty line between declarations.
+dotnet_diagnostic.RCS1057.severity = none

src/Directory.Build.props

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
   <ItemGroup Label="Package References">
     <PackageReference Include="MinVer" PrivateAssets="All" Version="2.3.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.SourceLink.GitHub" PrivateAssets="All" Version="1.0.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.FxCopAnalyzers" Version="2.9.8">
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.FxCopAnalyzers" Version="3.3.0">
       <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
       <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
     </PackageReference>

src/Sample/.editorconfig

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-root = false
-[*.cs]
-
-# Default severity for all analyzer diagnostics
-dotnet_analyzer_diagnostic.severity = none
-
-# CS1591: Missing XML comment for publicly visible type or member
-dotnet_diagnostic.CS1591.severity = none

src/Sample/Program.cs

@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-using System;
-using Spectre.Console;
-
-namespace Sample
-{
-    public static class Program
-    {
-        public static void Main(string[] args)
-        {
-            // Use the static API to write some things to the console.
-            AnsiConsole.Foreground = Color.Chartreuse2;
-            AnsiConsole.Decoration = Decoration.Underline | Decoration.Bold;
-            AnsiConsole.WriteLine("Hello World!");
-            AnsiConsole.Reset();
-            AnsiConsole.MarkupLine("Capabilities: [yellow underline]{0}[/]", AnsiConsole.Capabilities);
-            AnsiConsole.MarkupLine("Encoding: [yellow underline]{0}[/]", AnsiConsole.Console.Encoding.EncodingName);
-            AnsiConsole.MarkupLine("Width=[yellow]{0}[/], Height=[yellow]{1}[/]", AnsiConsole.Width, AnsiConsole.Height);
-            AnsiConsole.MarkupLine("[white on red]Good[/] [red]bye[/]!");
-            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
-
-            // We can also use System.ConsoleColor with AnsiConsole
-            // to set the foreground and background color.
-            foreach (ConsoleColor value in Enum.GetValues(typeof(ConsoleColor)))
-            {
-                var foreground = value;
-                var background = (ConsoleColor)(15 - (int)value);
-
-                AnsiConsole.Foreground = foreground;
-                AnsiConsole.Background = background;
-                AnsiConsole.WriteLine("{0} on {1}", foreground, background);
-                AnsiConsole.ResetColors();
-            }
-
-            // We can get the default console via the static API.
-            var console = AnsiConsole.Console;
-
-            // Or you can build it yourself the old fashion way.
-            console = AnsiConsole.Create(
-                new AnsiConsoleSettings()
-                {
-                    Ansi = AnsiSupport.Yes,
-                    ColorSystem = ColorSystemSupport.Standard,
-                    Out = Console.Out,
-                });
-
-            // In this case, we will find the closest colors
-            // and downgrade them to the specified color system.
-            console.WriteLine();
-            console.Foreground = Color.Chartreuse2;
-            console.Decoration = Decoration.Underline | Decoration.Bold;
-            console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
-            console.ResetColors();
-            console.ResetDecoration();
-            console.MarkupLine("Capabilities: [yellow underline]{0}[/]", console.Capabilities);
-            console.MarkupLine("Encoding: [yellow underline]{0}[/]", AnsiConsole.Console.Encoding.EncodingName);
-            console.MarkupLine("Width=[yellow]{0}[/], Height=[yellow]{1}[/]", console.Width, console.Height);
-            console.MarkupLine("[white on red]Good[/] [red]bye[/]!");
-            console.WriteLine();
-
-            // Nest some panels and text
-            AnsiConsole.Foreground = Color.Maroon;
-            AnsiConsole.Render(
-                new Panel(
-                    new Panel(
-                        new Panel(
-                            new Panel(
-                                Text.New(
-                                    "[underline]I[/] heard [underline on blue]you[/] like 📦\n\n\n\n" +
-                                    "So I put a 📦 in a 📦\nin a 📦 in a 📦\n\n" +
-                                    "😅", foreground: Color.White))
-                            { Alignment = Justify.Center, Border = BorderKind.Rounded })))
-                {
-                    Border = BorderKind.Ascii
-                });
-
-            // Reset colors
-            AnsiConsole.ResetColors();
-
-            // Left adjusted panel with text
-            AnsiConsole.Render(new Panel(
-                Text.New("Left adjusted\nLeft"))
-            {
-                Expand = true,
-                Alignment = Justify.Left,
-            });
-
-            // Centered panel with text
-            AnsiConsole.Render(new Panel(
-                Text.New("Centered\nCenter"))
-            {
-                Expand = true,
-                Alignment = Justify.Center,
-            });
-
-            // Right adjusted panel with text
-            AnsiConsole.Render(new Panel(
-                Text.New("Right adjusted\nRight"))
-            {
-                Expand = true,
-                Alignment = Justify.Right,
-            });
-
-            // A normal, square table
-            var table = new Table();
-            table.AddColumns("[red underline]Foo[/]", "Bar");
-            table.AddRow("[blue][underline]Hell[/]o[/]", "World 🌍");
-            table.AddRow("[yellow]Patrik [green]\"Lol[/]\" Svensson[/]", "Was [underline]here[/]!");
-            table.AddRow("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum", "◀ Strange language");
-            table.AddRow("Hej 👋", "[green]Världen[/]");
-            AnsiConsole.Render(table);
-
-            // A rounded table
-            table = new Table { Border = BorderKind.Rounded };
-            table.AddColumns("[red underline]Foo[/]", "Bar");
-            table.AddRow("[blue][underline]Hell[/]o[/]", "World 🌍");
-            table.AddRow("[yellow]Patrik [green]\"Lol[/]\" Svensson[/]", "Was [underline]here[/]!");
-            table.AddRow("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur [blue]adipiscing[/] elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum", "◀ Strange language");
-            table.AddRow("Hej 👋", "[green]Världen[/]");
-            AnsiConsole.Render(table);
-
-            // A rounded table without headers
-            table = new Table { Border = BorderKind.Rounded, ShowHeaders = false };
-            table.AddColumns("[red underline]Foo[/]", "Bar");
-            table.AddRow("[blue][underline]Hell[/]o[/]", "World 🌍");
-            table.AddRow("[yellow]Patrik [green]\"Lol[/]\" Svensson[/]", "Was [underline]here[/]!");
-            table.AddRow("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur [blue]adipiscing[/] elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum", "◀ Strange language");
-            table.AddRow("Hej 👋", "[green]Världen[/]");
-            AnsiConsole.Render(table);
-
-            // Emulate the usage information for "dotnet run"
-            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
-            AnsiConsole.MarkupLine("Usage: [grey]dotnet [blue]run[/] [[options] [[[[--] <additional arguments>...]][/]");
-            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
-            var grid = new Grid();
-            grid.AddColumn(new GridColumn { NoWrap = true });
-            grid.AddColumn(new GridColumn { NoWrap = true, Width = 2 });
-            grid.AddColumn();
-            grid.AddRow("Options:", "", "");
-            grid.AddRow("  [blue]-h[/], [blue]--help[/]", "", "Show command line help.");
-            grid.AddRow("  [blue]-c[/], [blue]--configuration[/] <CONFIGURATION>", "", "The configuration to run for.\nThe default for most projects is [green]Debug[/].");
-            grid.AddRow("  [blue]-v[/], [blue]--verbosity[/] <LEVEL>", "", "Set the MSBuild verbosity level. Allowed values are \nq[grey][[uiet][/], m[grey][[inimal][/], n[grey][[ormal][/], d[grey][[etailed][/], and diag[grey][[nostic][/].");
-            AnsiConsole.Render(grid);
-
-            // A simple table
-            AnsiConsole.WriteLine();
-            table = new Table { Border = BorderKind.Rounded };
-            table.AddColumn("Foo");
-            table.AddColumn("Bar");
-            table.AddColumn("Baz");
-            table.AddRow("Qux\nQuuuuuux", "[blue]Corgi[/]", "Waldo");
-            table.AddRow("Grault", "Garply", "Fred");
-            AnsiConsole.Render(table);
-
-            // Render a table in some panels.
-            AnsiConsole.Render(new Panel(new Panel(table) { Border = BorderKind.Ascii }) { Padding = new Padding(0, 0) });
-
-            // Draw another table
-            table = new Table { Expand = false };
-            table.AddColumn(new TableColumn("Date"));
-            table.AddColumn(new TableColumn("Title"));
-            table.AddColumn(new TableColumn("Production\nBudget"));
-            table.AddColumn(new TableColumn("Box Office"));
-            table.AddRow("Dec 20, 2019", "Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker", "$275,000,000", "[red]$375,126,118[/]");
-            table.AddRow("May 25, 2018", "[yellow]Solo[/]: A Star Wars Story", "$275,000,000", "$393,151,347");
-            table.AddRow("Dec 15, 2017", "Star Wars Ep. VIII: The Last Jedi", "$262,000,000", "[bold green]$1,332,539,889[/]");
-            AnsiConsole.Render(table);
-        }
-    }
-}

src/Spectre.Console.Tests/Fixtures/PlainConsole.cs

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests
         public Color Background { get; set; }
 
         public StringWriter Writer { get; }
+        public string RawOutput => Writer.ToString();
         public string Output => Writer.ToString().TrimEnd('\n');
         public IReadOnlyList<string> Lines => Output.Split(new char[] { '\n' });
 

src/Spectre.Console.Tests/Spectre.Console.Tests.csproj

@@ -2,16 +2,17 @@
 
   <PropertyGroup>
     <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.1</TargetFramework>
-
     <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="16.5.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="16.7.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Shouldly" Version="4.0.0-beta0002" />
-    <PackageReference Include="xunit" Version="2.4.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio" Version="2.4.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="coverlet.collector" Version="1.2.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="xunit" Version="2.4.1" />
+    <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio" Version="2.4.3">
+      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
+      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
+    </PackageReference>
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>

src/Spectre.Console.Tests/Unit/AnsiConsoleTests.Markup.cs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
         {
             [Theory]
             [InlineData("[yellow]Hello[/]", "Hello")]
-            [InlineData("[yellow]Hello [italic]World[/]![/]", "Hello World!")]
+            [InlineData("[yellow]Hello [italic]World[/]![/]", "Hello World!")]
             public void Should_Output_Expected_Ansi_For_Markup(string markup, string expected)
             {
                 // Given
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
             }
 
             [Theory]
-            [InlineData("[yellow]Hello [[ World[/]", "Hello [ World")]
+            [InlineData("[yellow]Hello [[ World[/]", "Hello [ World")]
             public void Should_Be_Able_To_Escape_Tags(string markup, string expected)
             {
                 // Given

src/Spectre.Console.Tests/Unit/BorderTests.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ using Shouldly;
 using Spectre.Console.Composition;
 using Xunit;
 
-namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit.Composition
+namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
 {
     public sealed class BorderTests
     {

src/Spectre.Console.Tests/Unit/Composition/TextTests.cs

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-using Shouldly;
-using Xunit;
-
-namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
-{
-    public sealed class TextTests
-    {
-        [Fact]
-        public void Should_Render_Unstyled_Text_As_Expected()
-        {
-            // Given
-            var fixture = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
-            var text = Text.New("Hello World");
-
-            // When
-            fixture.Render(text);
-
-            // Then
-            fixture.Output
-                .NormalizeLineEndings()
-                .ShouldBe("Hello World");
-        }
-
-        [Fact]
-        public void Should_Split_Unstyled_Text_To_New_Lines_If_Width_Exceeds_Console_Width()
-        {
-            // Given
-            var fixture = new PlainConsole(width: 5);
-            var text = Text.New("Hello World");
-
-            // When
-            fixture.Render(text);
-
-            // Then
-            fixture.Output
-                .NormalizeLineEndings()
-                .ShouldBe("Hello\n Worl\nd");
-        }
-
-        public sealed class TheStylizeMethod
-        {
-            [Fact]
-            public void Should_Apply_Style_To_Text()
-            {
-                // Given
-                var fixture = new AnsiConsoleFixture(ColorSystem.Standard);
-                var text = Text.New("Hello World");
-                text.Stylize(start: 3, end: 8, new Style(decoration: Decoration.Underline));
-
-                // When
-                fixture.Console.Render(text);
-
-                // Then
-                fixture.Output
-                    .NormalizeLineEndings()
-                    .ShouldBe("Hello World");
-            }
-
-            [Fact]
-            public void Should_Apply_Style_To_Text_Which_Spans_Over_Multiple_Lines()
-            {
-                // Given
-                var fixture = new AnsiConsoleFixture(ColorSystem.Standard, width: 5);
-                var text = Text.New("Hello World");
-                text.Stylize(start: 3, end: 8, new Style(decoration: Decoration.Underline));
-
-                // When
-                fixture.Console.Render(text);
-
-                // Then
-                fixture.Output
-                    .NormalizeLineEndings()
-                    .ShouldBe("Hello\n Worl\nd");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}

src/Spectre.Console.Tests/Unit/GridTests.cs

@@ -2,10 +2,29 @@ using System;
 using Shouldly;
 using Xunit;
 
-namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit.Composition
+namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
 {
     public sealed class GridTests
     {
+        public sealed class TheAddColumnMethod
+        {
+            [Fact]
+            public void Should_Throw_If_Rows_Are_Not_Empty()
+            {
+                // Given
+                var grid = new Grid();
+                grid.AddColumn();
+                grid.AddRow("Hello World!");
+
+                // When
+                var result = Record.Exception(() => grid.AddColumn());
+
+                // Then
+                result.ShouldBeOfType<InvalidOperationException>()
+                    .Message.ShouldBe("Cannot add new columns to grid with existing rows.");
+            }
+        }
+
         public sealed class TheAddRowMethod
         {
             [Fact]
@@ -54,6 +73,30 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit.Composition
             }
         }
 
+        public sealed class TheAddEmptyRowMethod
+        {
+            [Fact]
+            public void Should_Add_Empty_Row()
+            {
+                // Given
+                var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
+                var grid = new Grid();
+                grid.AddColumns(2);
+                grid.AddRow("Foo", "Bar");
+                grid.AddEmptyRow();
+                grid.AddRow("Qux", "Corgi");
+
+                // When
+                console.Render(grid);
+
+                // Then
+                console.Lines.Count.ShouldBe(3);
+                console.Lines[0].ShouldBe("Foo  Bar  ");
+                console.Lines[1].ShouldBe("          ");
+                console.Lines[2].ShouldBe("Qux  Corgi");
+            }
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public void Should_Render_Grid_Correctly()
         {
@@ -99,13 +142,12 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit.Composition
         }
 
         [Fact]
-        public void Should_Render_Grid_Column_Padding_Correctly()
+        public void Should_Use_Default_Padding()
         {
             // Given
             var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
             var grid = new Grid();
-            grid.AddColumn(new GridColumn { Padding = new Padding(3, 0) });
-            grid.AddColumns(2);
+            grid.AddColumns(3);
             grid.AddRow("Foo", "Bar", "Baz");
             grid.AddRow("Qux", "Corgi", "Waldo");
             grid.AddRow("Grault", "Garply", "Fred");
@@ -115,9 +157,32 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit.Composition
 
             // Then
             console.Lines.Count.ShouldBe(3);
-            console.Lines[0].ShouldBe("   Foo    Bar     Baz  ");
-            console.Lines[1].ShouldBe("   Qux    Corgi   Waldo");
-            console.Lines[2].ShouldBe("   Grault Garply  Fred ");
+            console.Lines[0].ShouldBe("Foo     Bar     Baz  ");
+            console.Lines[1].ShouldBe("Qux     Corgi   Waldo");
+            console.Lines[2].ShouldBe("Grault  Garply  Fred ");
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Should_Render_Explicit_Grid_Column_Padding_Correctly()
+        {
+            // Given
+            var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
+            var grid = new Grid();
+            grid.AddColumn(new GridColumn { Padding = new Padding(3, 0) });
+            grid.AddColumn(new GridColumn { Padding = new Padding(0, 0) });
+            grid.AddColumn(new GridColumn { Padding = new Padding(0, 3) });
+            grid.AddRow("Foo", "Bar", "Baz");
+            grid.AddRow("Qux", "Corgi", "Waldo");
+            grid.AddRow("Grault", "Garply", "Fred");
+
+            // When
+            console.Render(grid);
+
+            // Then
+            console.Lines.Count.ShouldBe(3);
+            console.Lines[0].ShouldBe("   Foo   Bar   Baz     ");
+            console.Lines[1].ShouldBe("   Qux   Corgi Waldo   ");
+            console.Lines[2].ShouldBe("   GraultGarplyFred    ");
         }
 
         [Fact]

src/Spectre.Console.Tests/Unit/PanelTests.cs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
             var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
 
             // When
-            console.Render(new Panel(Text.New("Hello World")));
+            console.Render(new Panel(new Text("Hello World")));
 
             // Then
             console.Lines.Count.ShouldBe(3);
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
             var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
 
             // When
-            console.Render(new Panel(Text.New("Hello World"))
+            console.Render(new Panel(new Text("Hello World"))
             {
                 Padding = new Padding(3, 5),
             });
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
             var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
 
             // When
-            console.Render(new Panel(Text.New(" \n💩\n ")));
+            console.Render(new Panel(new Text(" \n💩\n ")));
 
             // Then
             console.Lines.Count.ShouldBe(5);
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
             var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
 
             // When
-            console.Render(new Panel(Text.New("Hello World\nFoo Bar")));
+            console.Render(new Panel(new Text("Hello World\nFoo Bar")));
 
             // Then
             console.Lines.Count.ShouldBe(4);
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
             // Given
             var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
             var text = new Panel(
-                Text.New("I heard [underline on blue]you[/] like 📦\n\n\n\nSo I put a 📦 in a 📦"));
+                Text.Markup("I heard [underline on blue]you[/] like 📦\n\n\n\nSo I put a 📦 in a 📦"));
 
             // When
             console.Render(text);
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
             var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
 
             // When
-            console.Render(new Panel(Text.New("Hello World"))
+            console.Render(new Panel(new Text("Hello World"))
             {
                 Expand = true,
             });
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
             // When
             console.Render(
                 new Panel(
-                    Text.New("Hello World").WithAlignment(Justify.Right))
+                    new Text("Hello World").WithAlignment(Justify.Right))
                 {
                     Expand = true,
                 });
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
             // When
             console.Render(
                 new Panel(
-                    Text.New("Hello World").WithAlignment(Justify.Center))
+                    new Text("Hello World").WithAlignment(Justify.Center))
                 {
                     Expand = true,
                 });
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
             var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
 
             // When
-            console.Render(new Panel(new Panel(Text.New("Hello World"))));
+            console.Render(new Panel(new Panel(new Text("Hello World"))));
 
             // Then
             console.Lines.Count.ShouldBe(5);

src/Spectre.Console.Tests/Unit/StyleTests.cs

@@ -39,14 +39,18 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
 
             [Theory]
             [InlineData("bold", Decoration.Bold)]
+            [InlineData("b", Decoration.Bold)]
             [InlineData("dim", Decoration.Dim)]
+            [InlineData("i", Decoration.Italic)]
             [InlineData("italic", Decoration.Italic)]
             [InlineData("underline", Decoration.Underline)]
+            [InlineData("u", Decoration.Underline)]
             [InlineData("invert", Decoration.Invert)]
             [InlineData("conceal", Decoration.Conceal)]
             [InlineData("slowblink", Decoration.SlowBlink)]
             [InlineData("rapidblink", Decoration.RapidBlink)]
             [InlineData("strikethrough", Decoration.Strikethrough)]
+            [InlineData("s", Decoration.Strikethrough)]
             public void Should_Parse_Decoration(string text, Decoration decoration)
             {
                 // Given, When
@@ -126,108 +130,83 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
                 result.ShouldBeOfType<InvalidOperationException>();
                 result.Message.ShouldBe("Could not find color 'lol'.");
             }
+
+            [Theory]
+            [InlineData("#FF0000 on #0000FF")]
+            [InlineData("#F00 on #00F")]
+            public void Should_Parse_Hex_Colors_Correctly(string style)
+            {
+                // Given, When
+                var result = Style.Parse(style);
+
+                // Then
+                result.Foreground.ShouldBe(Color.Red);
+                result.Background.ShouldBe(Color.Blue);
+            }
+
+            [Theory]
+            [InlineData("#", "Invalid hex color '#'.")]
+            [InlineData("#FF00FF00FF", "Invalid hex color '#FF00FF00FF'.")]
+            [InlineData("#FOO", "Invalid hex color '#FOO'. Could not find any recognizable digits.")]
+            public void Should_Return_Error_If_Hex_Color_Is_Invalid(string style, string expected)
+            {
+                // Given, When
+                var result = Record.Exception(() => Style.Parse(style));
+
+                // Then
+                result.ShouldNotBeNull();
+                result.Message.ShouldBe(expected);
+            }
+
+            [Theory]
+            [InlineData("rgb(255,0,0) on rgb(0,0,255)")]
+            public void Should_Parse_Rgb_Colors_Correctly(string style)
+            {
+                // Given, When
+                var result = Style.Parse(style);
+
+                // Then
+                result.Foreground.ShouldBe(Color.Red);
+                result.Background.ShouldBe(Color.Blue);
+            }
+
+            [Theory]
+            [InlineData("rgb()", "Invalid RGB color 'rgb()'.")]
+            [InlineData("rgb(", "Invalid RGB color 'rgb('.")]
+            [InlineData("rgb(255)", "Invalid RGB color 'rgb(255)'.")]
+            [InlineData("rgb(255,255)", "Invalid RGB color 'rgb(255,255)'.")]
+            [InlineData("rgb(255,255,255", "Invalid RGB color 'rgb(255,255,255'.")]
+            [InlineData("rgb(A,B,C)", "Invalid RGB color 'rgb(A,B,C)'. Input string was not in a correct format.")]
+            public void Should_Return_Error_If_Rgb_Color_Is_Invalid(string style, string expected)
+            {
+                // Given, When
+                var result = Record.Exception(() => Style.Parse(style));
+
+                // Then
+                result.ShouldNotBeNull();
+                result.Message.ShouldBe(expected);
+            }
         }
 
         public sealed class TheTryParseMethod
         {
             [Fact]
-            public void Default_Keyword_Should_Return_Default_Style()
+            public void Should_Return_True_If_Parsing_Succeeded()
             {
                 // Given, When
-                var result = Style.TryParse("default", out var style);
+                var result = Style.TryParse("bold", out var style);
 
                 // Then
                 result.ShouldBeTrue();
                 style.ShouldNotBeNull();
-                style.Foreground.ShouldBe(Color.Default);
-                style.Background.ShouldBe(Color.Default);
-                style.Decoration.ShouldBe(Decoration.None);
-            }
-
-            [Theory]
-            [InlineData("bold", Decoration.Bold)]
-            [InlineData("dim", Decoration.Dim)]
-            [InlineData("italic", Decoration.Italic)]
-            [InlineData("underline", Decoration.Underline)]
-            [InlineData("invert", Decoration.Invert)]
-            [InlineData("conceal", Decoration.Conceal)]
-            [InlineData("slowblink", Decoration.SlowBlink)]
-            [InlineData("rapidblink", Decoration.RapidBlink)]
-            [InlineData("strikethrough", Decoration.Strikethrough)]
-            public void Should_Parse_Decoration(string text, Decoration decoration)
-            {
-                // Given, When
-                var result = Style.TryParse(text, out var style);
-
-                // Then
-                result.ShouldBeTrue();
-                style.ShouldNotBeNull();
-                style.Decoration.ShouldBe(decoration);
+                style.Decoration.ShouldBe(Decoration.Bold);
             }
 
             [Fact]
-            public void Should_Parse_Text_And_Decoration()
+            public void Should_Return_False_If_Parsing_Failed()
             {
                 // Given, When
-                var result = Style.TryParse("bold underline blue on green", out var style);
-
-                // Then
-                result.ShouldBeTrue();
-                style.ShouldNotBeNull();
-                style.Decoration.ShouldBe(Decoration.Bold | Decoration.Underline);
-                style.Foreground.ShouldBe(Color.Blue);
-                style.Background.ShouldBe(Color.Green);
-            }
-
-            [Fact]
-            public void Should_Parse_Background_If_Foreground_Is_Set_To_Default()
-            {
-                // Given, When
-                var result = Style.TryParse("default on green", out var style);
-
-                // Then
-                result.ShouldBeTrue();
-                style.ShouldNotBeNull();
-                style.Decoration.ShouldBe(Decoration.None);
-                style.Foreground.ShouldBe(Color.Default);
-                style.Background.ShouldBe(Color.Green);
-            }
-
-            [Fact]
-            public void Should_Throw_If_Foreground_Is_Set_Twice()
-            {
-                // Given, When
-                var result = Style.TryParse("green yellow", out _);
-
-                // Then
-                result.ShouldBeFalse();
-            }
-
-            [Fact]
-            public void Should_Throw_If_Background_Is_Set_Twice()
-            {
-                // Given, When
-                var result = Style.TryParse("green on blue yellow", out _);
-
-                // Then
-                result.ShouldBeFalse();
-            }
-
-            [Fact]
-            public void Should_Throw_If_Color_Name_Could_Not_Be_Found()
-            {
-                // Given, When
-                var result = Style.TryParse("bold lol", out _);
-
-                // Then
-                result.ShouldBeFalse();
-            }
-
-            [Fact]
-            public void Should_Throw_If_Background_Color_Name_Could_Not_Be_Found()
-            {
-                // Given, When
-                var result = Style.TryParse("blue on lol", out _);
+                var result = Style.TryParse("lol", out _);
 
                 // Then
                 result.ShouldBeFalse();

src/Spectre.Console.Tests/Unit/TableTests.cs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ using System;
 using Shouldly;
 using Xunit;
 
-namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit.Composition
+namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
 {
     public sealed class TableTests
     {
@@ -21,6 +21,22 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit.Composition
                 result.ShouldBeOfType<ArgumentNullException>()
                     .ParamName.ShouldBe("column");
             }
+
+            [Fact]
+            public void Should_Throw_If_Rows_Are_Not_Empty()
+            {
+                // Given
+                var grid = new Table();
+                grid.AddColumn("Foo");
+                grid.AddRow("Hello World");
+
+                // When
+                var result = Record.Exception(() => grid.AddColumn("Bar"));
+
+                // Then
+                result.ShouldBeOfType<InvalidOperationException>()
+                    .Message.ShouldBe("Cannot add new columns to table with existing rows.");
+            }
         }
 
         public sealed class TheAddColumnsMethod
@@ -88,6 +104,34 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit.Composition
             }
         }
 
+        public sealed class TheAddEmptyRowMethod
+        {
+            [Fact]
+            public void Should_Render_Table_Correctly()
+            {
+                // Given
+                var console = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
+                var table = new Table();
+                table.AddColumns("Foo", "Bar", "Baz");
+                table.AddRow("Qux", "Corgi", "Waldo");
+                table.AddEmptyRow();
+                table.AddRow("Grault", "Garply", "Fred");
+
+                // When
+                console.Render(table);
+
+                // Then
+                console.Lines.Count.ShouldBe(7);
+                console.Lines[0].ShouldBe("┌────────┬────────┬───────┐");
+                console.Lines[1].ShouldBe("│ Foo    │ Bar    │ Baz   │");
+                console.Lines[2].ShouldBe("├────────┼────────┼───────┤");
+                console.Lines[3].ShouldBe("│ Qux    │ Corgi  │ Waldo │");
+                console.Lines[4].ShouldBe("│        │        │       │");
+                console.Lines[5].ShouldBe("│ Grault │ Garply │ Fred  │");
+                console.Lines[6].ShouldBe("└────────┴────────┴───────┘");
+            }
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public void Should_Render_Table_Correctly()
         {
@@ -254,9 +298,9 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit.Composition
 
             // Then
             console.Lines.Count.ShouldBe(3);
-            console.Lines[0].ShouldBe("Foo     Bar     Baz  ");
-            console.Lines[1].ShouldBe("Qux     Corgi   Waldo");
-            console.Lines[2].ShouldBe("Grault  Garply  Fred ");
+            console.Lines[0].ShouldBe("Foo    Bar    Baz  ");
+            console.Lines[1].ShouldBe("Qux    Corgi  Waldo");
+            console.Lines[2].ShouldBe("Grault Garply Fred ");
         }
 
         [Fact]

src/Spectre.Console.Tests/Unit/TextTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+using System.Text;
+using Shouldly;
+using Spectre.Console.Composition;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Spectre.Console.Tests.Unit
+{
+    public sealed class TextTests
+    {
+        public sealed class Measuring
+        {
+            [Fact]
+            public void Should_Return_The_Longest_Word_As_Minimum_Width()
+            {
+                var text = new Text("Foo Bar Baz\nQux\nLol mobile");
+
+                var result = text.Measure(new RenderContext(Encoding.Unicode, false), 80);
+
+                result.Min.ShouldBe(6);
+            }
+
+            [Fact]
+            public void Should_Return_The_Longest_Line_As_Maximum_Width()
+            {
+                var text = new Text("Foo Bar Baz\nQux\nLol mobile");
+
+                var result = text.Measure(new RenderContext(Encoding.Unicode, false), 80);
+
+                result.Max.ShouldBe(11);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public sealed class Rendering
+        {
+            [Fact]
+            public void Should_Render_Unstyled_Text_As_Expected()
+            {
+                // Given
+                var fixture = new PlainConsole(width: 80);
+                var text = new Text("Hello World");
+
+                // When
+                fixture.Render(text);
+
+                // Then
+                fixture.Output
+                    .NormalizeLineEndings()
+                    .ShouldBe("Hello World");
+            }
+
+            [Fact]
+            public void Should_Write_Line_Breaks()
+            {
+                // Given
+                var fixture = new PlainConsole(width: 5);
+                var text = new Text("Hello\n\nWorld");
+
+                // When
+                fixture.Render(text);
+
+                // Then
+                fixture.RawOutput.ShouldBe("Hello\n\nWorld");
+            }
+
+            [Theory]
+            [InlineData(5, "Hello World", "Hello\nWorld")]
+            [InlineData(10, "Hello Sweet Nice World", "Hello \nSweet Nice\nWorld")]
+            public void Should_Split_Unstyled_Text_To_New_Lines_If_Width_Exceeds_Console_Width(
+                int width, string input, string expected)
+            {
+                // Given
+                var fixture = new PlainConsole(width);
+                var text = new Text(input);
+
+                // When
+                fixture.Render(text);
+
+                // Then
+                fixture.Output
+                    .NormalizeLineEndings()
+                    .ShouldBe(expected);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Spectre.Console.sln

@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Spectre.Console", "Spectre.
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Spectre.Console.Tests", "Spectre.Console.Tests\Spectre.Console.Tests.csproj", "{9F1AC4C1-766E-4421-8A78-B28F5BCDD94F}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Sample", "Sample\Sample.csproj", "{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}"
-EndProject
 Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Solution Items", "Solution Items", "{20595AD4-8D75-4AF8-B6BC-9C38C160423F}"
 	ProjectSection(SolutionItems) = preProject
 		.editorconfig = .editorconfig
@@ -17,6 +15,16 @@ Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Solution Items", "Solution
 		stylecop.json = stylecop.json
 	EndProjectSection
 EndProject
+Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Examples", "Examples", "{F0575243-121F-4DEE-9F6B-246E26DC0844}"
+EndProject
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Table", "..\examples\Table\Table.csproj", "{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}"
+EndProject
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Panel", "..\examples\Panel\Panel.csproj", "{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}"
+EndProject
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Grid", "..\examples\Grid\Grid.csproj", "{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}"
+EndProject
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Colors", "..\examples\Colors\Colors.csproj", "{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}"
+EndProject
 Global
 	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
 		Debug|Any CPU = Debug|Any CPU
@@ -51,22 +59,64 @@ Global
 		{9F1AC4C1-766E-4421-8A78-B28F5BCDD94F}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 		{9F1AC4C1-766E-4421-8A78-B28F5BCDD94F}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
 		{9F1AC4C1-766E-4421-8A78-B28F5BCDD94F}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
-		{272E6092-BD31-4EB6-A9FF-F4179F91958F}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 	EndGlobalSection
 	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
 		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
 	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(NestedProjects) = preSolution
+		{94ECCBA8-7EBF-4B53-8379-52EB2327417E} = {F0575243-121F-4DEE-9F6B-246E26DC0844}
+		{BFF37228-B376-4ADD-9657-4E501F929713} = {F0575243-121F-4DEE-9F6B-246E26DC0844}
+		{C7FF6FDB-FB59-4517-8669-521C96AB7323} = {F0575243-121F-4DEE-9F6B-246E26DC0844}
+		{1F51C55C-BA4C-4856-9001-0F7924FFB179} = {F0575243-121F-4DEE-9F6B-246E26DC0844}
+	EndGlobalSection
 	GlobalSection(ExtensibilityGlobals) = postSolution
 		SolutionGuid = {5729B071-67A0-48FB-8B1B-275E6822086C}
 	EndGlobalSection

src/Spectre.Console/AnsiConsoleSettings.cs

@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets the out buffer.
         /// </summary>
-        public TextWriter Out { get; set; }
+        public TextWriter? Out { get; set; }
     }
 }

src/Spectre.Console/Capabilities.cs

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                 ColorSystem.Standard => "4 bits",
                 ColorSystem.EightBit => "8 bits",
                 ColorSystem.TrueColor => "24 bits",
-                _ => "?"
+                _ => "?",
             };
 
             return $"ANSI={supportsAnsi}, Colors={ColorSystem}, Kind={legacyConsole} ({bits})";

src/Spectre.Console/Color.cs

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public override bool Equals(object obj)
+        public override bool Equals(object? obj)
         {
             return obj is Color color && Equals(color);
         }

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Border.cs

@@ -57,15 +57,20 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
         private Dictionary<BorderPart, string> Initialize()
         {
             var lookup = new Dictionary<BorderPart, string>();
-            foreach (BorderPart part in Enum.GetValues(typeof(BorderPart)))
+            foreach (BorderPart? part in Enum.GetValues(typeof(BorderPart)))
             {
-                var text = GetBoxPart(part);
+                if (part == null)
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                var text = GetBoxPart(part.Value);
                 if (text.Length > 1)
                 {
                     throw new InvalidOperationException("A box part cannot contain more than one character.");
                 }
 
-                lookup.Add(part, GetBoxPart(part));
+                lookup.Add(part.Value, GetBoxPart(part.Value));
             }
 
             return lookup;

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Justify.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         Right = 1,
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Centered
+        /// Centered.
         /// </summary>
         Center = 2,
     }

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Measurement.cs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public override bool Equals(object obj)
+        public override bool Equals(object? obj)
         {
             return obj is Measurement measurement && Equals(measurement);
         }

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Padding.cs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public override bool Equals(object obj)
+        public override bool Equals(object? obj)
         {
             return obj is Padding padding && Equals(padding);
         }

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Segment.cs

@@ -24,11 +24,28 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
         /// </summary>
         public bool IsLineBreak { get; }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets a value indicating whether or not this is a whitespace
+        /// that should be preserved but not taken into account when
+        /// layouting text.
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool IsWhiteSpace { get; }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets the segment style.
         /// </summary>
         public Style Style { get; }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets a segment representing a line break.
+        /// </summary>
+        public static Segment LineBreak { get; } = new Segment("\n", Style.Plain, true);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets an empty segment.
+        /// </summary>
+        public static Segment Empty { get; } = new Segment(string.Empty, Style.Plain);
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Segment"/> class.
         /// </summary>
@@ -50,18 +67,15 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
 
         private Segment(string text, Style style, bool lineBreak)
         {
-            Text = text?.NormalizeLineEndings() ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(text));
+            if (text is null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(text));
+            }
+
+            Text = text.NormalizeLineEndings();
             Style = style;
             IsLineBreak = lineBreak;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Creates a segment that represents an implicit line break.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <returns>A segment that represents an implicit line break.</returns>
-        public static Segment LineBreak()
-        {
-            return new Segment("\n", Style.Plain, true);
+            IsWhiteSpace = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(text);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -89,7 +103,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="offset">The offset where to split the segment.</param>
         /// <returns>One or two new segments representing the split.</returns>
-        public (Segment First, Segment Second) Split(int offset)
+        public (Segment First, Segment? Second) Split(int offset)
         {
             if (offset < 0)
             {
@@ -138,9 +152,9 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
             {
                 var segment = stack.Pop();
 
-                if (line.Length + segment.Text.Length > maxWidth)
+                if (line.Width + segment.Text.Length > maxWidth)
                 {
-                    var diff = -(maxWidth - (line.Length + segment.Text.Length));
+                    var diff = -(maxWidth - (line.Width + segment.Text.Length));
                     var offset = segment.Text.Length - diff;
 
                     var (first, second) = segment.Split(offset);
@@ -161,7 +175,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
                 {
                     if (segment.Text == "\n")
                     {
-                        if (line.Length > 0 || segment.IsLineBreak)
+                        if (line.Width > 0 || segment.IsLineBreak)
                         {
                             lines.Add(line);
                             line = new SegmentLine();
@@ -184,7 +198,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
 
                         if (parts.Length > 1)
                         {
-                            if (line.Length > 0)
+                            if (line.Width > 0)
                             {
                                 lines.Add(line);
                                 line = new SegmentLine();

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/SegmentLine.cs

@@ -1,18 +1,38 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
 
 namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// Represents a line of segments.
+    /// Represents a collection of segments.
     /// </summary>
     [SuppressMessage("Naming", "CA1710:Identifiers should have correct suffix")]
     public sealed class SegmentLine : List<Segment>
     {
         /// <summary>
-        /// Gets the length of the line.
+        /// Gets the width of the line.
         /// </summary>
-        public int Length => this.Sum(line => line.Text.Length);
+        public int Width => this.Sum(line => line.Text.Length);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the cell width of the segment line.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="encoding">The encoding to use.</param>
+        /// <returns>The cell width of the segment line.</returns>
+        public int CellWidth(Encoding encoding)
+        {
+            return this.Sum(line => line.CellLength(encoding));
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Preprends a segment to the line.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="segment">The segment to prepend.</param>
+        public void Prepend(Segment segment)
+        {
+            Insert(0, segment);
+        }
     }
 }

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/SegmentLineEnumerator.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+using System.Collections;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
+{
+    internal sealed class SegmentLineEnumerator : IEnumerable<Segment>
+    {
+        private readonly List<SegmentLine> _lines;
+
+        public SegmentLineEnumerator(List<SegmentLine> lines)
+        {
+            _lines = lines;
+        }
+
+        public IEnumerator<Segment> GetEnumerator()
+        {
+            return new SegmentLineIterator(_lines);
+        }
+
+        IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
+        {
+            return GetEnumerator();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/SegmentLineIterator.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+using System.Collections;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Spectre.Console.Composition
+{
+    internal sealed class SegmentLineIterator : IEnumerator<Segment>
+    {
+        private readonly List<SegmentLine> _lines;
+        private int _currentLine;
+        private int _currentIndex;
+        private bool _lineBreakEmitted;
+
+        public Segment Current { get; private set; }
+        object? IEnumerator.Current => Current;
+
+        public SegmentLineIterator(List<SegmentLine> lines)
+        {
+            _currentLine = 0;
+            _currentIndex = -1;
+            _lines = lines;
+
+            Current = Segment.Empty;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+        }
+
+        public bool MoveNext()
+        {
+            if (_currentLine > _lines.Count - 1)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            _currentIndex += 1;
+
+            // Did we go past the end of the line?
+            if (_currentIndex > _lines[_currentLine].Count - 1)
+            {
+                // We haven't just emitted a line break?
+                if (!_lineBreakEmitted)
+                {
+                    // Got any more lines?
+                    if (_currentIndex + 1 > _lines[_currentLine].Count - 1)
+                    {
+                        // Only emit a line break if the next one isn't a line break.
+                        if ((_currentLine + 1 <= _lines.Count - 1)
+                            && _lines[_currentLine + 1].Count > 0
+                            && !_lines[_currentLine + 1][0].IsLineBreak)
+                        {
+                            _lineBreakEmitted = true;
+                            Current = Segment.LineBreak;
+                            return true;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Increase the line and reset the index.
+                _currentLine += 1;
+                _currentIndex = 0;
+
+                _lineBreakEmitted = false;
+
+                // No more lines?
+                if (_currentLine > _lines.Count - 1)
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                // Nothing on the line?
+                while (_currentIndex > _lines[_currentLine].Count - 1)
+                {
+                    _currentLine += 1;
+                    _currentIndex = 0;
+
+                    if (_currentLine > _lines.Count - 1)
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Reset the flag
+            _lineBreakEmitted = false;
+
+            Current = _lines[_currentLine][_currentIndex];
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        public void Reset()
+        {
+            _currentLine = 0;
+            _currentIndex = -1;
+
+            Current = Segment.Empty;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Text.cs

@@ -1,290 +0,0 @@
-using System;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Diagnostics;
-using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
-using System.Linq;
-using Spectre.Console.Composition;
-using Spectre.Console.Internal;
-
-namespace Spectre.Console
-{
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Represents text with color and decorations.
-    /// </summary>
-    [SuppressMessage("Naming", "CA1724:Type names should not match namespaces")]
-    [DebuggerDisplay("{_text,nq}")]
-    public sealed class Text : IRenderable
-    {
-        private readonly List<Span> _spans;
-        private string _text;
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Gets or sets the text alignment.
-        /// </summary>
-        public Justify Alignment { get; set; } = Justify.Left;
-
-        private sealed class Span
-        {
-            public int Start { get; }
-            public int End { get; }
-            public Style Style { get; }
-
-            public Span(int start, int end, Style style)
-            {
-                Start = start;
-                End = end;
-                Style = style ?? Style.Plain;
-            }
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Console.Text"/> class.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="text">The text.</param>
-        internal Text(string text)
-        {
-            _text = text?.NormalizeLineEndings() ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(text));
-            _spans = new List<Span>();
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Text"/> class.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="text">The text.</param>
-        /// <param name="foreground">The foreground.</param>
-        /// <param name="background">The background.</param>
-        /// <param name="decoration">The text decoration.</param>
-        /// <returns>A <see cref="Text"/> instance.</returns>
-        public static Text New(
-            string text,
-            Color? foreground = null,
-            Color? background = null,
-            Decoration? decoration = null)
-        {
-            var result = MarkupParser.Parse(text, new Style(foreground, background, decoration));
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Sets the text alignment.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="alignment">The text alignment.</param>
-        /// <returns>The same <see cref="Text"/> instance.</returns>
-        public Text WithAlignment(Justify alignment)
-        {
-            Alignment = alignment;
-            return this;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Appends some text with the specified color and decorations.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="text">The text to append.</param>
-        /// <param name="style">The text style.</param>
-        public void Append(string text, Style style)
-        {
-            if (text == null)
-            {
-                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(text));
-            }
-
-            var start = _text.Length;
-            var end = _text.Length + text.Length;
-
-            _text += text;
-
-            Stylize(start, end, style);
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Stylizes a part of the text.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="start">The start position.</param>
-        /// <param name="end">The end position.</param>
-        /// <param name="style">The style to apply.</param>
-        public void Stylize(int start, int end, Style style)
-        {
-            if (start >= end)
-            {
-                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(start), "Start position must be less than the end position.");
-            }
-
-            start = Math.Max(start, 0);
-            end = Math.Min(end, _text.Length);
-
-            _spans.Add(new Span(start, end, style));
-        }
-
-        /// <inheritdoc/>
-        Measurement IRenderable.Measure(RenderContext context, int maxWidth)
-        {
-            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(_text))
-            {
-                return new Measurement(1, 1);
-            }
-
-            // TODO: Write some kind of tokenizer for this
-            var min = Segment.SplitLines(((IRenderable)this).Render(context, maxWidth))
-                .SelectMany(line => line.Select(segment => segment.Text.Length))
-                .Max();
-
-            var max = _text.SplitLines().Max(x => Cell.GetCellLength(context.Encoding, x));
-
-            return new Measurement(min, max);
-        }
-
-        /// <inheritdoc/>
-        IEnumerable<Segment> IRenderable.Render(RenderContext context, int width)
-        {
-            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_text))
-            {
-                return Array.Empty<Segment>();
-            }
-
-            if (width == 0)
-            {
-                return Array.Empty<Segment>();
-            }
-
-            var result = new List<Segment>();
-            var segments = SplitLineBreaks(CreateSegments());
-
-            var justification = context.Justification ?? Alignment;
-
-            foreach (var (_, _, last, line) in Segment.SplitLines(segments, width).Enumerate())
-            {
-                var length = line.Sum(l => l.StripLineEndings().CellLength(context.Encoding));
-
-                if (length < width)
-                {
-                    // Justify right side
-                    if (justification == Justify.Right)
-                    {
-                        var diff = width - length;
-                        result.Add(new Segment(new string(' ', diff)));
-                    }
-                    else if (justification == Justify.Center)
-                    {
-                        var diff = (width - length) / 2;
-                        result.Add(new Segment(new string(' ', diff)));
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // Render the line.
-                foreach (var segment in line)
-                {
-                    result.Add(segment.StripLineEndings());
-                }
-
-                // Justify left side
-                if (length < width)
-                {
-                    if (justification == Justify.Center)
-                    {
-                        var diff = (width - length) / 2;
-                        result.Add(new Segment(new string(' ', diff)));
-
-                        var remainder = (width - length) % 2;
-                        if (remainder != 0)
-                        {
-                            result.Add(new Segment(new string(' ', remainder)));
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if (!last)
-                {
-                    result.Add(Segment.LineBreak());
-                }
-            }
-
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        private IEnumerable<Segment> SplitLineBreaks(IEnumerable<Segment> segments)
-        {
-            // Creates individual segments of line breaks.
-            var result = new List<Segment>();
-            var queue = new Stack<Segment>(segments.Reverse());
-
-            while (queue.Count > 0)
-            {
-                var segment = queue.Pop();
-
-                var index = segment.Text.IndexOf("\n", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
-                if (index == -1)
-                {
-                    result.Add(segment);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    var (first, second) = segment.Split(index);
-                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(first.Text))
-                    {
-                        result.Add(first);
-                    }
-
-                    result.Add(Segment.LineBreak());
-                    queue.Push(new Segment(second.Text.Substring(1), second.Style));
-                }
-            }
-
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        private IEnumerable<Segment> CreateSegments()
-        {
-            // This excellent algorithm to sort spans was ported and adapted from
-            // https://github.com/willmcgugan/rich/blob/eb2f0d5277c159d8693636ec60c79c5442fd2e43/rich/text.py#L492
-
-            // Create the style map.
-            var styleMap = _spans.SelectIndex((span, index) => (span, index)).ToDictionary(x => x.index + 1, x => x.span.Style);
-            styleMap[0] = Style.Plain;
-
-            // Create a span list.
-            var spans = new List<(int Offset, bool Leaving, int Style)>();
-            spans.AddRange(_spans.SelectIndex((span, index) => (span.Start, false, index + 1)));
-            spans.AddRange(_spans.SelectIndex((span, index) => (span.End, true, index + 1)));
-            spans = spans.OrderBy(x => x.Offset).ThenBy(x => !x.Leaving).ToList();
-
-            // Keep track of applied styles using a stack
-            var styleStack = new Stack<int>();
-
-            // Now build the segments.
-            var result = new List<Segment>();
-            foreach (var (offset, leaving, style, nextOffset) in BuildSkipList(spans))
-            {
-                if (leaving)
-                {
-                    // Leaving
-                    styleStack.Pop();
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    // Entering
-                    styleStack.Push(style);
-                }
-
-                if (nextOffset > offset)
-                {
-                    // Build the current style from the stack
-                    var styleIndices = styleStack.OrderBy(index => index).ToArray();
-                    var currentStyle = Style.Plain.Combine(styleIndices.Select(index => styleMap[index]));
-
-                    // Create segment
-                    var text = _text.Substring(offset, Math.Min(_text.Length - offset, nextOffset - offset));
-                    result.Add(new Segment(text, currentStyle));
-                }
-            }
-
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        private static IEnumerable<(int Offset, bool Leaving, int Style, int NextOffset)> BuildSkipList(
-            List<(int Offset, bool Leaving, int Style)> spans)
-        {
-            return spans.Zip(spans.Skip(1), (first, second) => (first, second)).Select(
-                    x => (x.first.Offset, x.first.Leaving, x.first.Style, NextOffset: x.second.Offset));
-        }
-    }
-}

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Widgets/Grid.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
 using Spectre.Console.Composition;
+using Spectre.Console.Internal;
 
 namespace Spectre.Console
 {
@@ -21,6 +23,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                 Border = BorderKind.None,
                 ShowHeaders = false,
                 IsGrid = true,
+                PadRightCell = false,
             };
         }
 
@@ -55,11 +58,19 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                 throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(column));
             }
 
+            if (_table.RowCount > 0)
+            {
+                throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot add new columns to grid with existing rows.");
+            }
+
+            // Only pad the most right cell if we've explicitly set a padding.
+            _table.PadRightCell = column.Padding != null;
+
             _table.AddColumn(new TableColumn(string.Empty)
             {
                 Width = column.Width,
                 NoWrap = column.NoWrap,
-                Padding = column.Padding,
+                Padding = column.Padding ?? new Padding(0, 2),
                 Alignment = column.Alignment,
             });
         }
@@ -93,6 +104,16 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds an empty row to the grid.
+        /// </summary>
+        public void AddEmptyRow()
+        {
+            var columns = new string[_table.ColumnCount];
+            Enumerable.Range(0, _table.ColumnCount).ForEach(index => columns[index] = string.Empty);
+            AddRow(columns);
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Adds a new row to the grid.
         /// </summary>

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Widgets/GridColumn.cs

@@ -9,22 +9,22 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         /// Gets or sets the width of the column.
         /// If <c>null</c>, the column will adapt to it's contents.
         /// </summary>
-        public int? Width { get; set; } = null;
+        public int? Width { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets a value indicating whether wrapping of
         /// text within the column should be prevented.
         /// </summary>
-        public bool NoWrap { get; set; } = false;
+        public bool NoWrap { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets the padding of the column.
         /// </summary>
-        public Padding Padding { get; set; } = new Padding(0, 1);
+        public Padding? Padding { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets the alignment of the column.
         /// </summary>
-        public Justify? Alignment { get; set; } = null;
+        public Justify? Alignment { get; set; }
     }
 }

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Widgets/Panel.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
     /// </summary>
     public sealed class Panel : IRenderable
     {
+        private const int EdgeWidth = 2;
+
         private readonly IRenderable _child;
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -26,14 +28,14 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets the alignment of the panel contents.
         /// </summary>
-        public Justify? Alignment { get; set; } = null;
+        public Justify? Alignment { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets a value indicating whether or not the panel should
         /// fit the available space. If <c>false</c>, the panel width will be
         /// auto calculated. Defaults to <c>false</c>.
         /// </summary>
-        public bool Expand { get; set; } = false;
+        public bool Expand { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets the padding.
@@ -61,13 +63,12 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         {
             var border = Composition.Border.GetBorder(Border, (context.LegacyConsole || !context.Unicode) && SafeBorder);
 
-            var edgeWidth = 2;
             var paddingWidth = Padding.GetHorizontalPadding();
-            var childWidth = width - edgeWidth - paddingWidth;
+            var childWidth = width - EdgeWidth - paddingWidth;
 
             if (!Expand)
             {
-                var measurement = _child.Measure(context, width - edgeWidth - paddingWidth);
+                var measurement = _child.Measure(context, width - EdgeWidth - paddingWidth);
                 childWidth = measurement.Max;
             }
 

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Widgets/Table.Calculations.cs

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
     /// </summary>
     public sealed partial class Table
     {
+        private const int EdgeCount = 2;
+
         // Calculate the widths of each column, including padding, not including borders.
         // Ported from Rich by Will McGugan, licensed under MIT.
         // https://github.com/willmcgugan/rich/blob/527475837ebbfc427530b3ee0d4d0741d2d0fc6d/rich/table.py#L394
@@ -115,10 +117,9 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
 
         private int GetExtraWidth(bool includePadding)
         {
-            var edges = 2;
             var separators = _columns.Count - 1;
             var padding = includePadding ? _columns.Select(x => x.Padding.GetHorizontalPadding()).Sum() : 0;
-            return separators + edges + padding;
+            return separators + EdgeCount + padding;
         }
     }
 }

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Widgets/Table.cs

@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         /// fit the available space. If <c>false</c>, the table width will be
         /// auto calculated. Defaults to <c>false</c>.
         /// </summary>
-        public bool Expand { get; set; } = false;
+        public bool Expand { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets the width of the table.
         /// </summary>
-        public int? Width { get; set; } = null;
+        public int? Width { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets a value indicating whether or not to use
@@ -53,7 +53,13 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         /// </summary>
         public bool SafeBorder { get; set; } = true;
 
-        internal bool IsGrid { get; set; } = false;
+        // Whether this is a grid or not.
+        internal bool IsGrid { get; set; }
+
+        // Whether or not the most right cell should be padded.
+        // This is almost always the case, unless we're rendering
+        // a grid without explicit padding in the last cell.
+        internal bool PadRightCell { get; set; } = true;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Table"/> class.
@@ -75,7 +81,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                 throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(column));
             }
 
-            _columns.Add(new TableColumn(column));
+            AddColumn(new TableColumn(column));
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -89,6 +95,11 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                 throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(column));
             }
 
+            if (_rows.Count > 0)
+            {
+                throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot add new columns to table with existing rows.");
+            }
+
             _columns.Add(column);
         }
 
@@ -103,7 +114,10 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                 throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(columns));
             }
 
-            _columns.AddRange(columns.Select(column => new TableColumn(column)));
+            foreach (var column in columns)
+            {
+                AddColumn(column);
+            }
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -117,7 +131,20 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                 throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(columns));
             }
 
-            _columns.AddRange(columns.Select(column => column));
+            foreach (var column in columns)
+            {
+                AddColumn(column);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds an empty row to the table.
+        /// </summary>
+        public void AddEmptyRow()
+        {
+            var columns = new string[ColumnCount];
+            Enumerable.Range(0, ColumnCount).ForEach(index => columns[index] = string.Empty);
+            AddRow(columns);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -141,7 +168,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                 throw new InvalidOperationException("The number of row columns are greater than the number of table columns.");
             }
 
-            _rows.Add(columns.Select(column => Text.New(column)).ToList());
+            _rows.Add(columns.Select(column => Text.Markup(column)).ToList());
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
@@ -241,7 +268,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                     }
 
                     result.Add(new Segment(border.GetPart(BorderPart.HeaderTopRight)));
-                    result.Add(Segment.LineBreak());
+                    result.Add(Segment.LineBreak);
                 }
 
                 // Iterate through each cell row
@@ -279,7 +306,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                         }
 
                         // Pad column on the right side
-                        if (showBorder || (hideBorder && !lastCell) || (IsGrid && !lastCell))
+                        if (showBorder || (hideBorder && !lastCell) || (hideBorder && lastCell && IsGrid && PadRightCell))
                         {
                             var rightPadding = _columns[cellIndex].Padding.Right;
                             if (rightPadding > 0)
@@ -293,14 +320,14 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                             // Add right column edge
                             result.Add(new Segment(border.GetPart(BorderPart.CellRight)));
                         }
-                        else if (showBorder || (hideBorder && !lastCell))
+                        else if (showBorder)
                         {
                             // Add column separator
                             result.Add(new Segment(border.GetPart(BorderPart.CellSeparator)));
                         }
                     }
 
-                    result.Add(Segment.LineBreak());
+                    result.Add(Segment.LineBreak);
                 }
 
                 // Show header separator?
@@ -322,7 +349,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                     }
 
                     result.Add(new Segment(border.GetPart(BorderPart.HeaderBottomRight)));
-                    result.Add(Segment.LineBreak());
+                    result.Add(Segment.LineBreak);
                 }
 
                 // Show bottom of footer?
@@ -344,7 +371,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
                     }
 
                     result.Add(new Segment(border.GetPart(BorderPart.FooterBottomRight)));
-                    result.Add(Segment.LineBreak());
+                    result.Add(Segment.LineBreak);
                 }
             }
 

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Widgets/TableColumn.cs

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         /// <param name="text">The table column text.</param>
         public TableColumn(string text)
         {
-            Text = Text.New(text ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(text)));
+            Text = Text.Markup(text ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(text)));
             Width = null;
             Padding = new Padding(1, 1);
             NoWrap = false;

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Widgets/Text.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+using System.Linq;
+using Spectre.Console.Composition;
+using Spectre.Console.Internal;
+
+namespace Spectre.Console
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Represents a piece of text.
+    /// </summary>
+    [DebuggerDisplay("{_text,nq}")]
+    [SuppressMessage("Naming", "CA1724:Type names should not match namespaces")]
+    public sealed class Text : IRenderable
+    {
+        private readonly List<SegmentLine> _lines;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets the text alignment.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Justify Alignment { get; set; } = Justify.Left;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Text"/> class.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Text()
+        {
+            _lines = new List<SegmentLine>();
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Text"/> class.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="text">The text.</param>
+        /// <param name="style">The style of the text.</param>
+        public Text(string text, Style? style = null)
+            : this()
+        {
+            if (text is null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(text));
+            }
+
+            Append(text, style);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a <see cref="Text"/> instance representing
+        /// the specified markup text.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="text">The markup text.</param>
+        /// <param name="style">The text style.</param>
+        /// <returns>a <see cref="Text"/> instance representing the specified markup text.</returns>
+        public static Text Markup(string text, Style? style = null)
+        {
+            var result = MarkupParser.Parse(text, style ?? Style.Plain);
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public Measurement Measure(RenderContext context, int maxWidth)
+        {
+            if (_lines.Count == 0)
+            {
+                return new Measurement(0, 0);
+            }
+
+            var min = _lines.Max(line => line.Max(segment => segment.CellLength(context.Encoding)));
+            var max = _lines.Max(x => x.CellWidth(context.Encoding));
+
+            return new Measurement(min, max);
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public IEnumerable<Segment> Render(RenderContext context, int maxWidth)
+        {
+            if (context is null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(context));
+            }
+
+            if (_lines.Count == 0)
+            {
+                return Array.Empty<Segment>();
+            }
+
+            var justification = context.Justification ?? Alignment;
+
+            var lines = SplitLines(context, maxWidth);
+            foreach (var (_, _, last, line) in lines.Enumerate())
+            {
+                var length = line.Sum(l => l.StripLineEndings().CellLength(context.Encoding));
+                if (length < maxWidth)
+                {
+                    // Justify right side
+                    if (justification == Justify.Right)
+                    {
+                        var diff = maxWidth - length;
+                        line.Prepend(new Segment(new string(' ', diff)));
+                    }
+                    else if (justification == Justify.Center)
+                    {
+                        // Left side.
+                        var diff = (maxWidth - length) / 2;
+                        line.Prepend(new Segment(new string(' ', diff)));
+
+                        // Right side
+                        line.Add(new Segment(new string(' ', diff)));
+                        var remainder = (maxWidth - length) % 2;
+                        if (remainder != 0)
+                        {
+                            line.Add(new Segment(new string(' ', remainder)));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return new SegmentLineEnumerator(lines);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Appends a piece of text.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="text">The text to append.</param>
+        /// <param name="style">The style of the appended text.</param>
+        public void Append(string text, Style? style = null)
+        {
+            if (text is null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(text));
+            }
+
+            foreach (var (_, first, last, part) in text.SplitLines().Enumerate())
+            {
+                var current = part;
+                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(current) && last)
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                if (first)
+                {
+                    var line = _lines.LastOrDefault();
+                    if (line == null)
+                    {
+                        _lines.Add(new SegmentLine());
+                        line = _lines.Last();
+                    }
+
+                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(current))
+                    {
+                        line.Add(Segment.Empty);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        foreach (var span in current.SplitWords())
+                        {
+                            line.Add(new Segment(span, style ?? Style.Plain));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    var line = new SegmentLine();
+
+                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(current))
+                    {
+                        line.Add(Segment.Empty);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        foreach (var span in current.SplitWords())
+                        {
+                            line.Add(new Segment(span, style ?? Style.Plain));
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    _lines.Add(line);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private List<SegmentLine> Clone()
+        {
+            var result = new List<SegmentLine>();
+
+            foreach (var line in _lines)
+            {
+                var newLine = new SegmentLine();
+                foreach (var segment in line)
+                {
+                    newLine.Add(segment);
+                }
+
+                result.Add(newLine);
+            }
+
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        private List<SegmentLine> SplitLines(RenderContext context, int maxWidth)
+        {
+            if (_lines.Max(x => x.CellWidth(context.Encoding)) <= maxWidth)
+            {
+                return Clone();
+            }
+
+            var lines = new List<SegmentLine>();
+            var line = new SegmentLine();
+
+            var newLine = true;
+            using (var iterator = new SegmentLineIterator(_lines))
+            {
+                while (iterator.MoveNext())
+                {
+                    var current = iterator.Current;
+                    if (current == null)
+                    {
+                        throw new InvalidOperationException("Iterator returned empty segment.");
+                    }
+
+                    if (newLine && current.IsWhiteSpace && !current.IsLineBreak)
+                    {
+                        newLine = false;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    newLine = false;
+
+                    if (current.IsLineBreak)
+                    {
+                        line.Add(current);
+                        lines.Add(line);
+                        line = new SegmentLine();
+                        newLine = true;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    var length = current.CellLength(context.Encoding);
+                    if (line.CellWidth(context.Encoding) + length > maxWidth)
+                    {
+                        line.Add(Segment.Empty);
+                        lines.Add(line);
+                        line = new SegmentLine();
+                        newLine = true;
+                    }
+
+                    if (newLine && current.IsWhiteSpace)
+                    {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    newLine = false;
+
+                    line.Add(current);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Flush remaining.
+            if (line.Count > 0)
+            {
+                lines.Add(line);
+            }
+
+            return lines;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Spectre.Console/Composition/Widgets/TextExtensions.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace Spectre.Console
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Contains extension methods for <see cref="Text"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static class TextExtensions
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Sets the text alignment.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="text">The <see cref="Text"/> instance.</param>
+        /// <param name="alignment">The text alignment.</param>
+        /// <returns>The same <see cref="Text"/> instance.</returns>
+        public static Text WithAlignment(this Text text, Justify alignment)
+        {
+            if (text is null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(text));
+            }
+
+            text.Alignment = alignment;
+            return text;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Spectre.Console/ConsoleExtensions.Rendering.cs

@@ -28,17 +28,24 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
 
             var options = new RenderContext(console.Encoding, console.Capabilities.LegacyConsole);
 
-            foreach (var segment in renderable.Render(options, console.Width))
+            using (console.PushStyle(Style.Plain))
             {
-                if (!segment.Style.Equals(Style.Plain))
+                var current = Style.Plain;
+                foreach (var segment in renderable.Render(options, console.Width))
                 {
-                    using (var style = console.PushStyle(segment.Style))
+                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(segment.Text))
                     {
-                        console.Write(segment.Text);
+                        continue;
                     }
-                }
-                else
-                {
+
+                    if (!segment.Style.Equals(current))
+                    {
+                        console.Foreground = segment.Style.Foreground;
+                        console.Background = segment.Style.Background;
+                        console.Decoration = segment.Style.Decoration;
+                        current = segment.Style;
+                    }
+
                     console.Write(segment.Text);
                 }
             }

src/Spectre.Console/Internal/Colors/ColorTable.cs

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
             return ColorPalette.EightBit[number];
         }
 
-        public static string GetName(int number)
+        public static string? GetName(int number)
         {
             _nameLookup.TryGetValue(number, out var name);
             return name;

src/Spectre.Console/Internal/DecorationTable.cs

@@ -15,14 +15,18 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
             {
                 { "none", Decoration.None },
                 { "bold", Decoration.Bold },
+                { "b", Decoration.Bold },
                 { "dim", Decoration.Dim },
                 { "italic", Decoration.Italic },
+                { "i", Decoration.Italic },
                 { "underline", Decoration.Underline },
+                { "u", Decoration.Underline },
                 { "invert", Decoration.Invert },
                 { "conceal", Decoration.Conceal },
                 { "slowblink", Decoration.SlowBlink },
                 { "rapidblink", Decoration.RapidBlink },
                 { "strikethrough", Decoration.Strikethrough },
+                { "s", Decoration.Strikethrough },
             };
         }
 

src/Spectre.Console/Internal/Extensions/StringExtensions.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Text;
 
 namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
@@ -17,14 +18,9 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
 
         public static string NormalizeLineEndings(this string text, bool native = false)
         {
-            if (text == null)
-            {
-                return null;
-            }
-
-            var normalized = text?.Replace("\r\n", "\n")
-                ?.Replace("\r", string.Empty);
+            text ??= string.Empty;
 
+            var normalized = text?.Replace("\r\n", "\n")?.Replace("\r", string.Empty) ?? string.Empty;
             if (native && !_alreadyNormalized)
             {
                 normalized = normalized.Replace("\n", Environment.NewLine);
@@ -35,7 +31,52 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
 
         public static string[] SplitLines(this string text)
         {
-            return text.NormalizeLineEndings().Split(new[] { '\n' }, StringSplitOptions.None);
+            var result = text?.NormalizeLineEndings()?.Split(new[] { '\n' }, StringSplitOptions.None);
+            return result ?? Array.Empty<string>();
+        }
+
+        public static string[] SplitWords(this string word, StringSplitOptions options = StringSplitOptions.None)
+        {
+            var result = new List<string>();
+
+            static string Read(StringBuffer reader, Func<char, bool> criteria)
+            {
+                var buffer = new StringBuilder();
+                while (!reader.Eof)
+                {
+                    var current = reader.Peek();
+                    if (!criteria(current))
+                    {
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    buffer.Append(reader.Read());
+                }
+
+                return buffer.ToString();
+            }
+
+            using (var reader = new StringBuffer(word))
+            {
+                while (!reader.Eof)
+                {
+                    var current = reader.Peek();
+                    if (char.IsWhiteSpace(current))
+                    {
+                        var x = Read(reader, c => char.IsWhiteSpace(c));
+                        if (options != StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
+                        {
+                            result.Add(x);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        result.Add(Read(reader, c => !char.IsWhiteSpace(c)));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return result.ToArray();
         }
     }
 }

src/Spectre.Console/Internal/Text/Markup/MarkupParser.cs

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
 {
     internal static class MarkupParser
     {
-        public static Text Parse(string text, Style style = null)
+        public static Text Parse(string text, Style? style = null)
         {
             style ??= Style.Plain;
 
-            var result = new Text(string.Empty);
+            var result = new Text();
             using var tokenizer = new MarkupTokenizer(text);
 
             var stack = new Stack<Style>();
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
             while (tokenizer.MoveNext())
             {
                 var token = tokenizer.Current;
+                if (token == null)
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
 
                 if (token.Kind == MarkupTokenKind.Open)
                 {

src/Spectre.Console/Internal/Text/Markup/MarkupTokenizer.cs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
     {
         private readonly StringBuffer _reader;
 
-        public MarkupToken Current { get; private set; }
+        public MarkupToken? Current { get; private set; }
 
         public MarkupTokenizer(string text)
         {

src/Spectre.Console/Internal/Text/StringBuffer.cs

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 using System;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using System.IO;
 
 namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
 {
     internal sealed class StringBuffer : IDisposable
     {
+        [SuppressMessage("Usage", "CA2213:Disposable fields should be disposed", Justification = "False positive")]
         private readonly StringReader _reader;
         private readonly int _length;
 

src/Spectre.Console/Internal/Text/StyleParser.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 using System;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+using System.Globalization;
 
 namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
 {
@@ -12,16 +14,23 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
                 throw new InvalidOperationException(error);
             }
 
+            if (style == null)
+            {
+                // This should not happen, but we need to please the compiler
+                // which cannot know that style isn't null here.
+                throw new InvalidOperationException("Could not parse style.");
+            }
+
             return style;
         }
 
-        public static bool TryParse(string text, out Style style)
+        public static bool TryParse(string text, out Style? style)
         {
             style = Parse(text, out var error);
             return error == null;
         }
 
-        private static Style Parse(string text, out string error)
+        private static Style? Parse(string text, out string? error)
         {
             var effectiveDecoration = (Decoration?)null;
             var effectiveForeground = (Color?)null;
@@ -57,16 +66,30 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
                     var color = ColorTable.GetColor(part);
                     if (color == null)
                     {
-                        if (!foreground)
+                        if (part.StartsWith("#", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                         {
-                            error = $"Could not find color '{part}'.";
+                            color = ParseHexColor(part, out error);
+                            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(error))
+                            {
+                                return null;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        else if (part.StartsWith("rgb", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                        {
+                            color = ParseRgbColor(part, out error);
+                            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(error))
+                            {
+                                return null;
+                            }
                         }
                         else
                         {
-                            error = $"Could not find color or style '{part}'.";
-                        }
+                            error = !foreground
+                                ? $"Could not find color '{part}'."
+                                : $"Could not find color or style '{part}'.";
 
-                        return null;
+                            return null;
+                        }
                     }
 
                     if (foreground)
@@ -95,5 +118,82 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
             error = null;
             return new Style(effectiveForeground, effectiveBackground, effectiveDecoration);
         }
+
+        [SuppressMessage("Design", "CA1031:Do not catch general exception types")]
+        private static Color? ParseHexColor(string hex, out string? error)
+        {
+            error = null;
+
+            hex ??= string.Empty;
+            hex = hex.Replace("#", string.Empty).Trim();
+
+            try
+            {
+                if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(hex))
+                {
+                    if (hex.Length == 6)
+                    {
+                        return new Color(
+                            (byte)Convert.ToUInt32(hex.Substring(0, 2), 16),
+                            (byte)Convert.ToUInt32(hex.Substring(2, 2), 16),
+                            (byte)Convert.ToUInt32(hex.Substring(4, 2), 16));
+                    }
+                    else if (hex.Length == 3)
+                    {
+                        return new Color(
+                            (byte)Convert.ToUInt32(new string(hex[0], 2), 16),
+                            (byte)Convert.ToUInt32(new string(hex[1], 2), 16),
+                            (byte)Convert.ToUInt32(new string(hex[2], 2), 16));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                error = $"Invalid hex color '#{hex}'. {ex.Message}";
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            error = $"Invalid hex color '#{hex}'.";
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        [SuppressMessage("Design", "CA1031:Do not catch general exception types")]
+        private static Color? ParseRgbColor(string rgb, out string? error)
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                error = null;
+
+                var normalized = rgb ?? string.Empty;
+                if (normalized.Length >= 3)
+                {
+                    // Trim parenthesises
+                    normalized = normalized.Substring(3).Trim();
+
+                    if (normalized.StartsWith("(", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
+                       normalized.EndsWith(")", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        normalized = normalized.Trim('(').Trim(')');
+
+                        var parts = normalized.Split(new[] { ',' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
+                        if (parts.Length == 3)
+                        {
+                            return new Color(
+                                (byte)Convert.ToInt32(parts[0], CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
+                                (byte)Convert.ToInt32(parts[1], CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
+                                (byte)Convert.ToInt32(parts[2], CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                error = $"Invalid RGB color '{rgb}'. {ex.Message}";
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            error = $"Invalid RGB color '{rgb}'.";
+            return null;
+        }
     }
 }

src/Spectre.Console/Internal/Utilities/Ratio.cs

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console.Internal
             return result;
         }
 
-        public static List<int> Distribute(int total, List<int> ratios, List<int> minimums = null)
+        public static List<int> Distribute(int total, List<int> ratios, List<int>? minimums = null)
         {
             if (minimums != null)
             {

src/Spectre.Console/Spectre.Console.csproj

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
   <PropertyGroup>
     <TargetFramework>netstandard2.0</TargetFramework>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
@@ -9,27 +10,21 @@
     <None Include="../../gfx/small-logo.png" Pack="true" PackagePath="\" Link="Properties/small-logo.png" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <Compile Update="**/ColorPalette.*.cs">
-      <DependentUpon>**/ColorPalette.cs</DependentUpon>
-    </Compile>
-    <Compile Update="Color.*.cs">
-      <DependentUpon>Color.cs</DependentUpon>
-    </Compile>
-    <Compile Update="AnsiConsole.*.cs">
-      <DependentUpon>AnsiConsole.cs</DependentUpon>
-    </Compile>
-    <Compile Update="ConsoleExtensions.*.cs">
-      <DependentUpon>ConsoleExtensions.cs</DependentUpon>
-    </Compile>
-    <Compile Update="**/Table.*.cs">
-      <DependentUpon>**/Table.cs</DependentUpon>
-    </Compile>
-
-  </ItemGroup>
-
   <ItemGroup>
     <PackageReference Include="System.Memory" Version="4.5.4" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <PackageReference Include="TunnelVisionLabs.ReferenceAssemblyAnnotator" Version="1.0.0-alpha.160" PrivateAssets="all" />
+    <PackageDownload Include="Microsoft.NETCore.App.Ref" Version="[$(AnnotatedReferenceAssemblyVersion)]" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Nullable" Version="1.2.1">
+      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
+      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
+    </PackageReference>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <AnnotatedReferenceAssemblyVersion>3.0.0</AnnotatedReferenceAssemblyVersion>
+    <GenerateNullableAttributes>False</GenerateNullableAttributes>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
 </Project>

src/Spectre.Console/Style.cs

@@ -57,6 +57,15 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
             return StyleParser.Parse(text);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a copy of the current <see cref="Style"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns>A copy of the current <see cref="Style"/>.</returns>
+        public Style Clone()
+        {
+            return new Style(Foreground, Background, Decoration);
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Converts the string representation of a style to its <see cref="Style"/> equivalent.
         /// A return value indicates whether the operation succeeded.
@@ -67,7 +76,7 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         /// if the conversion succeeded, or <c>null</c> if the conversion failed.
         /// </param>
         /// <returns><c>true</c> if s was converted successfully; otherwise, <c>false</c>.</returns>
-        public static bool TryParse(string text, out Style result)
+        public static bool TryParse(string text, out Style? result)
         {
             return StyleParser.TryParse(text, out result);
         }
@@ -113,13 +122,13 @@ namespace Spectre.Console
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public override bool Equals(object obj)
+        public override bool Equals(object? obj)
         {
             return Equals(obj as Style);
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool Equals(Style other)
+        public bool Equals(Style? other)
         {
             if (other == null)
             {